Forensic Scientist vs. Forensic Pathologist: What Are the Differences?

Forensic science is a field that uses scientific methods to solve crimes. Forensic scientists and forensic pathologists are two common positions in this industry. Though both roles are important in solving crimes, they have different responsibilities. In this article, we compare and contrast these two positions, and we provide information on what you need to do to pursue a career in forensic science.

What is a Forensic Scientist?

Forensic Scientists are highly trained professionals who use their scientific expertise to support legal investigations. They collect and analyze physical evidence to provide investigators with insights that can help solve crimes. Forensic Scientists might specialize in a particular area of forensics, such as ballistics, DNA analysis or fingerprints. They might work in a crime lab or for a government agency, such as the FBI. Forensic Scientists must have strong analytical skills and be able to communicate their findings clearly and concisely. They must also be able to work well under pressure and meet deadlines.

What is a Forensic Pathologist?

A Forensic Pathologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the study of the cause and manner of death. Forensic Pathologists typically work in coroner’s offices or medical examiner’s offices, where they perform autopsies to determine the cause and manner of death. They may also be involved in investigating sudden, unexpected or violent deaths. Forensic Pathologists use their knowledge of medicine, anatomy and physiology to interpret the findings of an autopsy and provide a report of their findings to law enforcement or the court system.

Forensic Scientist vs. Forensic Pathologist

Here are the main differences between a forensic scientist and a forensic pathologist.

Job Duties

One of the biggest differences between a forensic scientist and a forensic pathologist is the type of work they perform. Forensic scientists study physical evidence found at crime scenes, such as DNA samples, fingerprints and blood stains. They use laboratory equipment to analyze this evidence and determine if it’s relevant to an investigation.

In contrast, a forensic pathologist performs post-mortem examinations to help investigators identify deceased victims and determine the cause and manner of death. A forensic pathologist may conduct autopsies or consult with other experts to complete their work.

Job Requirements

Forensic scientists typically need at least a bachelor’s degree in forensic science or a related field, such as biology, chemistry or physics. Some employers prefer candidates to have a master’s degree as well. Many forensic science programs are accredited by the Forensic Science Education Programs Accreditation Commission (FEPAC).

To become a forensic pathologist, you must first earn a Medical Doctor degree and then complete a residency in anatomic or clinical pathology. After completing their residencies, forensic pathologists must obtain certification from the American Board of Pathology in both anatomic and clinical pathology. They can then pursue subspecialty certification in forensic pathology if they wish.

Work Environment

Forensic scientists and forensic pathologists work in different environments. Forensic scientists typically work in laboratories, where they perform tests on evidence to determine its origin or identify a suspect. They may also travel to crime scenes to collect samples for testing.

Forensic pathologists work primarily in morgues, examining bodies to determine the cause of death. However, some forensic pathologists may also work in hospitals as general physicians, performing autopsies when necessary.

Skills

Forensic scientists and forensic pathologists share some basic skills, such as attention to detail, critical thinking and problem-solving. They also both need to be able to communicate effectively, as they often work with law enforcement officials, attorneys and other professionals.

However, their specific job duties require different skills. Forensic scientists typically need laboratory skills to analyze evidence, such as DNA samples, bloodstains and fingerprints. They also use computer skills to maintain records of their findings and generate reports.

Forensic pathologists need autopsy skills to examine bodies and determine the cause of death. They also need to have a strong understanding of human anatomy and physiology. In addition, they often testify in court, so public speaking skills can be helpful.

Salary

Forensic scientists earn an average salary of $67,721 per year, while forensic pathologists earn an average salary of $103,957 per year. Both of these salaries may vary depending on the state in which you work, the level of education you have and the type of employer you work for.