How To Become an Experimental Physicist: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn about the steps important to pursuing a career as an experimental physicist, including education, skills, salary and more.
Experimental physicists conduct research to unlock the mysteries of the universe. They use their knowledge of physics and math to design and carry out experiments, analyze data and develop theories. Experimental physicists typically work in academia or for the government. If you want to become an experimental physicist, you will need to complete a PhD in physics. In this article, we discuss what experimental physicists do, the average salary and how to become one.
What Does an Experimental Physicist Do?
Experimental physicists conduct research to increase our understanding of the laws of nature. They use a variety of tools and techniques in their work, including lasers, particle accelerators and computers. Experimental physicists typically have the following duties:
- Planning and conducting experiments
- Building and setting up equipment
- Collecting data and samples
- Analyzing data and samples
- Writing research papers and reports
- Presenting findings at conferences
- Supervising junior staff members
- Staying up-to-date on the latest developments in physics
Experimental Physicist Salary and Job Outlook
The average salary for an experimental physicist is $108,150. However, salaries can vary based on factors such as experience, education, and geographical location.
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the employment of experimental physicists will grow faster than average over the next decade. This is due to the increasing demand for new products and services that require research and development. Experimental physicists play a vital role in this process by conducting research and developing new theories and models.
How to Become an Experimental Physicist
Here are several steps you should take to become an experimental physicist.
1. Earn a bachelor’s degree in physics or a related field
A bachelor’s degree in physics is the minimum educational requirement for most entry-level positions as an experimental physicist. Some employers may prefer candidates who hold a graduate degree, but many entry-level jobs will be open to those with only a bachelor’s degree.
Undergraduate courses in physics cover topics such as classical mechanics, electricity and magnetism, quantum theory, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Coursework also includes laboratory work where students apply their knowledge of physics concepts to real-world experiments.
2. Complete advanced coursework in physics and mathematics
After earning a bachelor’s degree, you can pursue further study in physics. Coursework for experimental physicists typically includes advanced calculus and differential equations, along with courses focused on thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, electricity and magnetism, optics and modern physics.
Some aspiring physicists choose to earn a master’s degree in physics, which allows them to work as research assistants or laboratory technicians. Earning a graduate degree is not always necessary, however, depending on the type of position you’re seeking.
3. Gain experience working in a laboratory setting
Most physicists work in a laboratory setting, gaining hands-on experience conducting experiments and analyzing data. Undergraduate research opportunities are available through many physics programs or at universities where there is a strong physics department. Experienced undergraduate researchers can also apply for internships with private companies or national laboratories.
Working as an assistant to a physicist or other researcher allows aspiring experimental physicists to learn about the day-to-day responsibilities of the job and develop valuable skills that they can use in their career. It also provides them with the opportunity to network with professionals in the field.
4. Develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills
As an experimental physicist, you will need to be able to analyze data and develop solutions to problems. You may work in a laboratory setting where you have the opportunity to conduct experiments and collect data that you can use to solve scientific questions.
You should take advantage of any opportunities available to you during your undergraduate studies to practice analytical and problem-solving skills. For example, you might participate in research or internship programs offered through your school or by employers.
5. Stay up to date on new developments in the field of physics
As an experimental physicist, you will need to keep up with the latest developments in your field. You can do this by reading scientific journals and attending conferences hosted by professional organizations such as the APS. Attending these events can help you network with other physicists and find employment opportunities.
You may also consider following prominent physicists on social media or subscribing to their email newsletters. This can help you stay informed about new research developments that could impact your work.
6. Join professional organizations such as the American Physical Society (APS)
The American Physical Society (APS) is a professional organization that provides opportunities for physicists to network and advance their careers. Membership in the APS can help experimental physicists stay up to date on developments in the field, find employment opportunities and receive continuing education credits.
Experimental physicists may also consider joining the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), which focuses on electrical engineering and computer science. The IEEE offers many resources for physicists who work with electronics or other technology-based fields.
7. Consider pursuing a graduate degree in physics
While a graduate degree is not required to work as an experimental physicist, many employers prefer candidates who hold at least a Master’s Degree in Physics. Graduate degrees allow physicists to conduct more advanced research and develop their skills in specialized areas of physics.
Some physicists choose to pursue a Doctorate Degree (PhD) in physics. A PhD program typically takes five to seven years to complete and focuses on both research and coursework. Many PhD programs require students to complete extensive independent research projects before graduation.
