The routing number is the first set of nine digits printed along the bottom-left edge of your check. It sits to the left of your account number and check number, all printed in a row of machine-readable ink across the bottom.
How to Spot the Routing Number
Flip your check over so the front faces you, then look at the string of numbers running along the bottom. You’ll see three groups of numbers, reading left to right:
- Routing number (first): Nine digits, always. This identifies your specific bank or credit union.
- Account number (second): Typically 10 to 12 digits, though the length varies by bank. This identifies your individual checking account.
- Check number (third): Usually three or four digits matching the check number printed in the upper-right corner of the check.
These numbers are printed using a special magnetic ink called MICR (magnetic ink character recognition). The ink lets bank processing machines read checks quickly and accurately, which is why the font looks blocky and distinct compared to the rest of the check. You may also notice small bracket-like symbols flanking the routing number. These are MICR transit symbols that help machines distinguish the routing number from the other number groups.
Why the Routing Number Is Always Nine Digits
Every routing number in the United States is exactly nine digits, no exceptions. The first four digits identify the Federal Reserve district and processing center for the bank. The next four identify the specific bank or credit union. The final digit is a mathematical check digit used to verify the others are correct. If you count the digits at the bottom of your check and the first group isn’t exactly nine, you may be looking at the account number by mistake.
When the Order Looks Different
On most personal checks, the left-to-right order is routing number, account number, check number. A small number of banks swap the position of the account number and check number, placing the check number in the middle. The routing number, however, stays on the far left in nearly every case. If you’re unsure which group is which, count the digits: the nine-digit group is always your routing number.
Business checks and checks printed by accounting software sometimes use a slightly different layout or larger format, but the routing number remains nine digits and is still printed along the bottom of the check in magnetic ink.
Finding Your Routing Number Without a Check
If you don’t have a checkbook handy, you have several other options. Most banks display the routing number inside their online banking portal or mobile app. In the Chase Mobile app, for example, you sign in, tap your account tile, then tap “Show details” to see both numbers. On chase.com, you click your account name, then select “Account & routing number.” Other major banks follow a similar pattern, usually placing the routing number on the account details or settings page.
You can also find your routing number on your bank’s website without logging in. Many banks publish routing number lookup pages organized by state or region, since a single bank can use different routing numbers depending on where you opened your account or which state you live in. Your monthly bank statement is another reliable source, as it typically prints the routing number alongside your account number near the top of the document.
What You’ll Use It For
You’ll need your routing number any time money moves electronically into or out of your checking account. Setting up direct deposit with an employer requires both your routing and account numbers. The same goes for scheduling automatic bill payments, sending a wire transfer, linking your checking account to a payment app, or making an ACH transfer between banks. Tax refunds deposited directly into your account also require both numbers.
Your routing number is not sensitive in the way a password or PIN is, but you should still share it only when you’re initiating a legitimate transaction. Combined with your account number, it gives someone enough information to set up a withdrawal from your account.