The routing number is the first set of nine digits printed along the bottom-left edge of a personal check. It sits to the left of your account number and, on most checks, to the left of the check number as well. If you have a check in front of you, look at the very bottom and start reading from the left.
Reading the Bottom of a Check
Every check has a line of numbers printed in magnetic ink across the bottom. This line, called the MICR line, contains three pieces of information printed left to right in a standard order:
- Routing number (9 digits): Always the first group, starting at the far left. It identifies the bank or credit union that holds the account.
- Account number: The second group, immediately to the right of the routing number. Account numbers vary in length and can be up to 17 digits, sometimes including hyphens.
- Check number: Usually the shortest group, appearing to the right of the account number. This matches the check number printed in the upper-right corner of the check. Some banks print the check number to the left of the account number instead, but the routing number still comes first.
How to Identify the Routing Number
The routing number is always exactly nine digits long. That consistent length is the easiest way to confirm you’re looking at the right group. It is also bracketed by a pair of special symbols that look like a vertical line next to a colon (|:). These symbols are not part of the number itself, so don’t include them when entering your routing number into a form.
If you see a longer string of digits, you’re likely looking at the account number. If you see a shorter string (three or four digits), that’s the check number. The nine-digit group between the transit symbols is always the routing number.
When You Don’t Have a Check
If you need your routing number but don’t have a checkbook handy, you have a few options. Most banks display it on their website or mobile app, often on the account details or settings page. You can also call your bank directly. Another quick method: search your bank’s name along with “routing number” online. Banks publish their routing numbers publicly because they’re not sensitive information on their own.
Keep in mind that some banks use different routing numbers depending on the state where you opened your account or whether the transaction is a wire transfer versus a direct deposit. The number printed on your check is the one tied to your specific account and works for direct deposits, automatic payments, and ACH transfers.
Common Reasons You Need It
You’ll typically be asked for your routing number when setting up direct deposit with an employer, linking a bank account to a payment app, scheduling automatic bill payments, or initiating a bank transfer. Most online forms ask for the routing number first, then the account number. Double-check both before submitting, since a wrong digit can send money to the wrong account or cause the transaction to fail entirely.